Global Surface Disinfectant Market Synopsis
The Global Surface Disinfectant Market was worth USD 2.08 Billion in 2023. As such, the forecast is that the market is expected to reach USD 6.34 Billion by 2032 with a CAGR of 9.5% over the period from 2024 to 2032.
Surface disinfection is a method to inactivate pathogens on inanimate surfaces and in turn works to prevent the spread of bacteria from person to person or object to object. The act of disinfecting surfaces regularly is a proven method of disease prevention and control and is good practice for general hygiene.
- The surface disinfectant market has witnessed significant growth in recent years, driven by increasing awareness of hygiene and sanitation. As consumers become more conscious of health risks, the demand for effective disinfectants to clean and sanitize surfaces has soared. Healthcare facilities, educational institutions, and residential settings are among the primary end-users of these products.
- The market is characterized by a wide range of products, including liquid disinfectants, wipes, and sprays. Factors such as product efficacy, ease of use, and cost play a crucial role in consumer preferences. The COVID-19 pandemic has further accelerated the growth of the market, as people sought to protect themselves and their loved ones from the virus.
- Key trends in the surface disinfectant market include the development of environmentally friendly and biodegradable products, as well as the integration of advanced technologies like nanotechnology for enhanced disinfection capabilities.
Top Key Players Involved Are:
"STERIS (US), The Clorox Company (US), SC Johnson Professional (US), CarrollCLEAN (US), PAUL HARTMANN AG (Germany), Sanosil AG (Switzerland), Metrex Research, LLC (US), Whiteley Corporation (Australia), GOJO Industries, Inc. (US), Acuro Organics Limited (India), Pharmax Pharmaceuticals FZ-LLC (Canada), PDI, Inc. (US), Becto, Inc. (US), GESCO Healthcare Pvt. Ltd. (India), MEDALKAN (Greece), Ruhof (US), Cetylite, Inc. (US), Micro-Scientific, LLC (US), Pal International (UK), Brulin Holding Company, Inc. (US), and CareNow Medical Private Limited (India), and Other Active Players."
Global Surface Disinfectant Market Trend Analysis
Increased Demand For Infection Control Measures To Curb Hospital-Acquired Infections:
- The surging demand for surface disinfectants is primarily driven by the imperative to curb hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). These infections, often caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi, pose a significant threat to patient health and can lead to increased mortality rates, prolonged hospital stays, and higher healthcare costs. To mitigate the risk of HAIs, healthcare facilities are implementing stringent infection control protocols, which necessitate the regular disinfection of surfaces. This, in turn, has fueled a substantial increase in the demand for effective surface disinfectants.
- Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has further accentuated the importance of surface disinfection as a crucial measure to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. The pandemic has heightened public awareness of hygiene and sanitation practices, leading to increased demand for disinfectant products not only in healthcare settings but also in homes, offices, and public spaces.
Rising adverse effects of chemical disinfectants Creates an Opportunity for the Global Surface Disinfectant Market
- The rising concern over the adverse effects of chemical disinfectants has created a significant opportunity for the surface disinfectant market. Traditional chemical-based disinfectants, while effective in killing germs, can have harmful consequences for human health and the environment. For instance, exposure to certain chemicals can lead to respiratory issues, skin irritations, and even long-term health problems. Additionally, the environmental impact of these chemicals, such as water pollution and toxic waste, has become a growing concern.
- As consumers and businesses seek safer and more sustainable alternatives, the demand for surface disinfectants that are less harmful to both humans and the planet is rapidly increasing. This shift presents a promising opportunity for companies to develop and market innovative, eco-friendly disinfectant solutions that meet the evolving needs of consumers..
Global Surface Disinfectant Market Segment Analysis:
The Global Surface Disinfectant Market is Segmented into Composition, Type, Application, End- Users, and Region.
By Type, the Liquid segment is expected to dominate the market during the forecast period.
- The liquid segment is poised to dominate the surface disinfectant market. This dominance can be attributed to several factors. Liquid disinfectants offer versatility, allowing for easy application on a wide range of surfaces, from countertops and floors to medical equipment and electronics.
- Liquid formulations are often more effective at penetrating crevices and eliminating pathogens, ensuring thorough disinfection. The convenience of liquid disinfectants, which can be sprayed, wiped, or mopped, makes them a preferred choice for both residential and commercial settings. The demand for liquid surface disinfectants is expected to continue growing, driving the overall market expansion.
By Application, the Surface segment held the largest share in 2023.
- In 2023, the surface disinfectant market witnessed a surge in demand, driven primarily by heightened awareness of hygiene and sanitation. Among the various applications, the surface segment emerged as the leading contributor, capturing a significant portion of the market share.
- Hospitals, clinics, and other healthcare facilities have always been major consumers of surface disinfectants. The COVID-19 pandemic further underscored the criticality of maintaining clean and disinfected environments to prevent the spread of infections.
- Hotels, restaurants, and other hospitality venues are increasingly prioritizing hygiene and cleanliness to ensure guest satisfaction and safety. This has led to a rise in the use of surface disinfectants in these settings.
- As consumers become more conscious of hygiene, the demand for surface disinfectants in homes has also grown. This is particularly evident in areas with young children or individuals with compromised immune systems.
Global Surface Disinfectant Market Regional Insights:
North America is Expected to Dominate the Market Over the Forecast Period
- North America is poised to maintain its dominance in the surface disinfectant market, driven by several key factors. The region boasts a strong healthcare infrastructure, with a high density of hospitals and clinics, which significantly drives demand for effective disinfectants to prevent the spread of infections. Additionally, stringent government regulations regarding hygiene and sanitation in healthcare facilities, food processing plants, and public spaces further fuel the market growth.
- The North American market is characterized by a high level of consumer awareness regarding health and hygiene, leading to increased adoption of disinfectant products for personal and household use. This, coupled with the presence of major market players and ongoing research and development efforts, positions North America as a leading force in the surface disinfectant industry.
Key Industry Developments:-
- In May 2024, Surfacide, a leading UV technology and infections solutions company is announced its participation and exclusive promotions at the upcoming APIC Annual Conference and Exposition in San Antonio, Texas, June 3-5. At this premiere event, the world of infection prevention and control comes together to share knowledge, innovations, and best practices.
Global Surface Disinfectant Market Top Key Players:
- STERIS (US)
- The Clorox Company (US)
- SC Johnson Professional (US)
- CarrollCLEAN (US)
- PAUL HARTMANN AG (Germany)
- Sanosil AG (Switzerland)
- Metrex Research, LLC (US)
- Whiteley Corporation (Australia)
- GOJO Industries, Inc. (US)
- Acuro Organics Limited (India)
- Pharmax Pharmaceuticals FZ-LLC (Canada)
- PDI, Inc. (US)
- Becto, Inc. (US)
- GESCO Healthcare Pvt. Ltd. (India)
- MEDALKAN (Greece)
- Ruhof (US)
- Cetylite, Inc. (US)
- Micro-Scientific, LLC (US)
- Pal International (UK)
- Brulin Holding Company, Inc. (US)
- CareNow Medical Private Limited (India)., and Other Active Players.
Global Surface Disinfectant Market
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Base Year:
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2023
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Forecast Period:
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2024- 2032
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Historical Data:
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2017 to 2023
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Market Size in 2023:
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USD 2.08 Bn.
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Forecast Period 2024-32 CAGR:
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9.5%
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Market Size in 2032:
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USD 6.34 Bn.
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Segments Covered:
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By Composition
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- Alcohols
- Chlorine Compounds
- Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
- Hydrogen Peroxide
- Peracetic Acid
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By Type
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- Liquids
- Wipes
- Alcohol-based wipes
- Quaternary Ammonium Compound-based Wipes
- Sprays
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By Application
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- Surface Disinfection
- Instrument Disinfection
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By End User
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- Hospital Settings
- Diagnostic Laboratories
- Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Companies
- Research Laboratories
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By Region
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- North America (U.S., Canada, Mexico)
- Eastern Europe (Bulgaria, The Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Rest of Eastern Europe)
- Western Europe (Germany, UK, France, Netherlands, Italy, Russia, Spain, Rest of Western Europe)
- Asia Pacific (China, India, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, The Philippines, Australia, New-Zealand, Rest of APAC)
- Middle East & Africa (Turkey, Bahrain, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, UAE, Israel, South Africa)
- South America (Brazil, Argentina, Rest of SA)
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Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Scope and Coverage
Chapter 2:Executive Summary
Chapter 3: Market Landscape
3.1 Market Dynamics
3.1.1 Drivers
3.1.2 Restraints
3.1.3 Opportunities
3.1.4 Challenges
3.2 Market Trend Analysis
3.3 PESTLE Analysis
3.4 Porter's Five Forces Analysis
3.5 Industry Value Chain Analysis
3.6 Ecosystem
3.7 Regulatory Landscape
3.8 Price Trend Analysis
3.9 Patent Analysis
3.10 Technology Evolution
3.11 Investment Pockets
3.12 Import-Export Analysis
Chapter 4: Surface Disinfectant Market by Composition
4.1 Surface Disinfectant Market Snapshot and Growth Engine
4.2 Surface Disinfectant Market Overview
4.3 Alcohols
4.3.1 Introduction and Market Overview
4.3.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size in Value USD and Volume Units (2017-2032F)
4.3.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
4.3.4 Alcohols: Geographic Segmentation Analysis
4.4 Chlorine
4.4.1 Introduction and Market Overview
4.4.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size in Value USD and Volume Units (2017-2032F)
4.4.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
4.4.4 Chlorine: Geographic Segmentation Analysis
4.5 Quaternary Ammonium
4.5.1 Introduction and Market Overview
4.5.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size in Value USD and Volume Units (2017-2032F)
4.5.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
4.5.4 Quaternary Ammonium: Geographic Segmentation Analysis
4.6 Hydrogen Peroxide
4.6.1 Introduction and Market Overview
4.6.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size in Value USD and Volume Units (2017-2032F)
4.6.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
4.6.4 Hydrogen Peroxide: Geographic Segmentation Analysis
4.7 Peracetic Acid
4.7.1 Introduction and Market Overview
4.7.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size in Value USD and Volume Units (2017-2032F)
4.7.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
4.7.4 Peracetic Acid: Geographic Segmentation Analysis
Chapter 5: Surface Disinfectant Market by Type
5.1 Surface Disinfectant Market Snapshot and Growth Engine
5.2 Surface Disinfectant Market Overview
5.3 Liquid
5.3.1 Introduction and Market Overview
5.3.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size in Value USD and Volume Units (2017-2032F)
5.3.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
5.3.4 Liquid: Geographic Segmentation Analysis
5.4 Wipes
5.4.1 Introduction and Market Overview
5.4.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size in Value USD and Volume Units (2017-2032F)
5.4.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
5.4.4 Wipes: Geographic Segmentation Analysis
5.5 Alcohol-based wipes
5.5.1 Introduction and Market Overview
5.5.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size in Value USD and Volume Units (2017-2032F)
5.5.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
5.5.4 Alcohol-based wipes: Geographic Segmentation Analysis
5.6 Quaternary Ammonium Compound-based Wipes
5.6.1 Introduction and Market Overview
5.6.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size in Value USD and Volume Units (2017-2032F)
5.6.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
5.6.4 Quaternary Ammonium Compound-based Wipes: Geographic Segmentation Analysis
5.7 Sprays
5.7.1 Introduction and Market Overview
5.7.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size in Value USD and Volume Units (2017-2032F)
5.7.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
5.7.4 Sprays: Geographic Segmentation Analysis
Chapter 6: Surface Disinfectant Market by Application
6.1 Surface Disinfectant Market Snapshot and Growth Engine
6.2 Surface Disinfectant Market Overview
6.3 Surface
6.3.1 Introduction and Market Overview
6.3.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size in Value USD and Volume Units (2017-2032F)
6.3.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
6.3.4 Surface: Geographic Segmentation Analysis
6.4 Instrument
6.4.1 Introduction and Market Overview
6.4.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size in Value USD and Volume Units (2017-2032F)
6.4.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
6.4.4 Instrument: Geographic Segmentation Analysis
Chapter 7: Surface Disinfectant Market by End-User
7.1 Surface Disinfectant Market Snapshot and Growth Engine
7.2 Surface Disinfectant Market Overview
7.3 Hospital
7.3.1 Introduction and Market Overview
7.3.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size in Value USD and Volume Units (2017-2032F)
7.3.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
7.3.4 Hospital: Geographic Segmentation Analysis
7.4 Diagnostic
7.4.1 Introduction and Market Overview
7.4.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size in Value USD and Volume Units (2017-2032F)
7.4.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
7.4.4 Diagnostic: Geographic Segmentation Analysis
7.5 Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Companies
7.5.1 Introduction and Market Overview
7.5.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size in Value USD and Volume Units (2017-2032F)
7.5.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
7.5.4 Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Companies: Geographic Segmentation Analysis
7.6 Research Laboratories
7.6.1 Introduction and Market Overview
7.6.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size in Value USD and Volume Units (2017-2032F)
7.6.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
7.6.4 Research Laboratories: Geographic Segmentation Analysis
Chapter 8: Company Profiles and Competitive Analysis
8.1 Competitive Landscape
8.1.1 Competitive Benchmarking
8.1.2 Surface Disinfectant Market Share by Manufacturer (2023)
8.1.3 Industry BCG Matrix
8.1.4 Heat Map Analysis
8.1.5 Mergers and Acquisitions
8.2 STERIS(US)
8.2.1 Company Overview
8.2.2 Key Executives
8.2.3 Company Snapshot
8.2.4 Role of the Company in the Market
8.2.5 Sustainability and Social Responsibility
8.2.6 Operating Business Segments
8.2.7 Product Portfolio
8.2.8 Business Performance
8.2.9 Key Strategic Moves and Recent Developments
8.2.10 SWOT Analysis
8.3 THE CLOROX COMPANY(US)
8.4 SC JOHNSON PROFESSIONAL(US)
8.5 CARROLLCLEAN(US)
8.6 PAUL HARTMANN AG(GERMANY)
8.7 SANOSIL AG(SWITZERLAND)
8.8 METREX RESEARCH
8.9 LLC(US)
8.10 WHITELEY CORPORATION(AUSTRALIA)
8.11 GOJO INDUSTRIES
8.12 INC(US)
8.13 ACURO ORGANICS LIMITED(INDIA)
8.14 PHARMAX PHARMACEUTICALS FZ-LLC(CANADA)
8.15 PDI
8.16 INC(US)
8.17 BECTO
8.18 INC(US)
8.19 GESCO HEALTHCARE PVT LTD(INDIA)
8.20 MEDALKAN(GREECE)
8.21 RUHOF(US)
8.22 CETYLITE
8.23 INC(US)
8.24 MICRO-SCIENTIFIC
8.25 LLC(US)
8.26 PAL INTERNATIONAL(UK)
8.27 BRULIN HOLDING COMPANY
8.28 INC(US)
8.29 CARENOW MEDICAL PRIVATE LIMITED (INDIA)
8.30 OTHER ACTIVE PLAYERS
Chapter 9: Global Surface Disinfectant Market By Region
9.1 Overview
9.2. North America Surface Disinfectant Market
9.2.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
9.2.2 Top Key Companies
9.2.3 Historic and Forecasted Market Size by Segments
9.2.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Composition
9.2.4.1 Alcohols
9.2.4.2 Chlorine
9.2.4.3 Quaternary Ammonium
9.2.4.4 Hydrogen Peroxide
9.2.4.5 Peracetic Acid
9.2.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type
9.2.5.1 Liquid
9.2.5.2 Wipes
9.2.5.3 Alcohol-based wipes
9.2.5.4 Quaternary Ammonium Compound-based Wipes
9.2.5.5 Sprays
9.2.6 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application
9.2.6.1 Surface
9.2.6.2 Instrument
9.2.7 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By End-User
9.2.7.1 Hospital
9.2.7.2 Diagnostic
9.2.7.3 Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Companies
9.2.7.4 Research Laboratories
9.2.8 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country
9.2.8.1 US
9.2.8.2 Canada
9.2.8.3 Mexico
9.3. Eastern Europe Surface Disinfectant Market
9.3.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
9.3.2 Top Key Companies
9.3.3 Historic and Forecasted Market Size by Segments
9.3.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Composition
9.3.4.1 Alcohols
9.3.4.2 Chlorine
9.3.4.3 Quaternary Ammonium
9.3.4.4 Hydrogen Peroxide
9.3.4.5 Peracetic Acid
9.3.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type
9.3.5.1 Liquid
9.3.5.2 Wipes
9.3.5.3 Alcohol-based wipes
9.3.5.4 Quaternary Ammonium Compound-based Wipes
9.3.5.5 Sprays
9.3.6 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application
9.3.6.1 Surface
9.3.6.2 Instrument
9.3.7 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By End-User
9.3.7.1 Hospital
9.3.7.2 Diagnostic
9.3.7.3 Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Companies
9.3.7.4 Research Laboratories
9.3.8 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country
9.3.8.1 Bulgaria
9.3.8.2 The Czech Republic
9.3.8.3 Hungary
9.3.8.4 Poland
9.3.8.5 Romania
9.3.8.6 Rest of Eastern Europe
9.4. Western Europe Surface Disinfectant Market
9.4.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
9.4.2 Top Key Companies
9.4.3 Historic and Forecasted Market Size by Segments
9.4.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Composition
9.4.4.1 Alcohols
9.4.4.2 Chlorine
9.4.4.3 Quaternary Ammonium
9.4.4.4 Hydrogen Peroxide
9.4.4.5 Peracetic Acid
9.4.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type
9.4.5.1 Liquid
9.4.5.2 Wipes
9.4.5.3 Alcohol-based wipes
9.4.5.4 Quaternary Ammonium Compound-based Wipes
9.4.5.5 Sprays
9.4.6 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application
9.4.6.1 Surface
9.4.6.2 Instrument
9.4.7 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By End-User
9.4.7.1 Hospital
9.4.7.2 Diagnostic
9.4.7.3 Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Companies
9.4.7.4 Research Laboratories
9.4.8 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country
9.4.8.1 Germany
9.4.8.2 UK
9.4.8.3 France
9.4.8.4 Netherlands
9.4.8.5 Italy
9.4.8.6 Russia
9.4.8.7 Spain
9.4.8.8 Rest of Western Europe
9.5. Asia Pacific Surface Disinfectant Market
9.5.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
9.5.2 Top Key Companies
9.5.3 Historic and Forecasted Market Size by Segments
9.5.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Composition
9.5.4.1 Alcohols
9.5.4.2 Chlorine
9.5.4.3 Quaternary Ammonium
9.5.4.4 Hydrogen Peroxide
9.5.4.5 Peracetic Acid
9.5.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type
9.5.5.1 Liquid
9.5.5.2 Wipes
9.5.5.3 Alcohol-based wipes
9.5.5.4 Quaternary Ammonium Compound-based Wipes
9.5.5.5 Sprays
9.5.6 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application
9.5.6.1 Surface
9.5.6.2 Instrument
9.5.7 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By End-User
9.5.7.1 Hospital
9.5.7.2 Diagnostic
9.5.7.3 Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Companies
9.5.7.4 Research Laboratories
9.5.8 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country
9.5.8.1 China
9.5.8.2 India
9.5.8.3 Japan
9.5.8.4 South Korea
9.5.8.5 Malaysia
9.5.8.6 Thailand
9.5.8.7 Vietnam
9.5.8.8 The Philippines
9.5.8.9 Australia
9.5.8.10 New Zealand
9.5.8.11 Rest of APAC
9.6. Middle East & Africa Surface Disinfectant Market
9.6.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
9.6.2 Top Key Companies
9.6.3 Historic and Forecasted Market Size by Segments
9.6.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Composition
9.6.4.1 Alcohols
9.6.4.2 Chlorine
9.6.4.3 Quaternary Ammonium
9.6.4.4 Hydrogen Peroxide
9.6.4.5 Peracetic Acid
9.6.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type
9.6.5.1 Liquid
9.6.5.2 Wipes
9.6.5.3 Alcohol-based wipes
9.6.5.4 Quaternary Ammonium Compound-based Wipes
9.6.5.5 Sprays
9.6.6 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application
9.6.6.1 Surface
9.6.6.2 Instrument
9.6.7 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By End-User
9.6.7.1 Hospital
9.6.7.2 Diagnostic
9.6.7.3 Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Companies
9.6.7.4 Research Laboratories
9.6.8 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country
9.6.8.1 Turkey
9.6.8.2 Bahrain
9.6.8.3 Kuwait
9.6.8.4 Saudi Arabia
9.6.8.5 Qatar
9.6.8.6 UAE
9.6.8.7 Israel
9.6.8.8 South Africa
9.7. South America Surface Disinfectant Market
9.7.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities
9.7.2 Top Key Companies
9.7.3 Historic and Forecasted Market Size by Segments
9.7.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Composition
9.7.4.1 Alcohols
9.7.4.2 Chlorine
9.7.4.3 Quaternary Ammonium
9.7.4.4 Hydrogen Peroxide
9.7.4.5 Peracetic Acid
9.7.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type
9.7.5.1 Liquid
9.7.5.2 Wipes
9.7.5.3 Alcohol-based wipes
9.7.5.4 Quaternary Ammonium Compound-based Wipes
9.7.5.5 Sprays
9.7.6 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application
9.7.6.1 Surface
9.7.6.2 Instrument
9.7.7 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By End-User
9.7.7.1 Hospital
9.7.7.2 Diagnostic
9.7.7.3 Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Companies
9.7.7.4 Research Laboratories
9.7.8 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country
9.7.8.1 Brazil
9.7.8.2 Argentina
9.7.8.3 Rest of SA
Chapter 10 Analyst Viewpoint and Conclusion
10.1 Recommendations and Concluding Analysis
10.2 Potential Market Strategies
Chapter 11 Research Methodology
11.1 Research Process
11.2 Primary Research
11.3 Secondary Research